Alteraciones retinianas y nefrológicas en hipertensos arteriales en diagnóstico reciente. Hospital Luis Vernaza. 2015 - 2017.

Abstract

Background.- Hypertensive retinopathy is considered a marker of target organ damage in patients with hypertension; therefore, its study through fundus examination provides significant information about the degree of systemic vascular involvement. Objectives.- To determine retinal and nephrological alterations in hypertension of recent diagnosis. To know the epidemiological characteristics of the population studied. To determine prevalence of retinal and nephrological involvement in the studied population. To correlate retinal and nephrological alterations in patients with recently diagnosed hypertension. Methodology.- A total of 55 patients were studied. Retinography was performed to assess prevalence of hypertensive retinopathy. Presence of renal involvement was determined by means of microalbuminuria at urinalysis and alterations in glomerular filtration rate. Results.- 42.50% of the patients presented retinal alterations; arteriovenous nicking was the most prevalent. 42.50% of the patients presented microalbuminuria at urinalysis. 47.82% of the population presented both retinal and renal alterations at the same time. A significant association (p=0.046) between body mass index and presence of hypertensive retinopathy was stablished. Conclusions.- No association between presence of retinal and nephrological alterations was stablished among patients with recently diagnosed hypertension. More than half of the population presented both pathologies at the same time. High body mass index was related to presence of hypertensive retinopathy.