Analizar el perfil de mortalidad materna en Ecuador en el año 2016 y proponer un plan de acción para disminuir las muertes maternas.

Abstract

Objective: To carry out an analysis of the profile of maternal mortality in Ecuador and propose an action plan to reduce maternal deaths. Methodology: Retrospective study conducted in a period of 12 months, in 2016, based on statistical data provided by the Ministry of Public Health (MSP) and the National Institute of Statistics and Census (INEC), the non-random sample includes all recorded cases of maternal mortality occurred in Ecuador during 2016, from clinics, hospitals or private practices, IESS, MSP and other public facilities. The sample is 133 cases. Results: The highest mortality rate is concentrated in the provinces of Guayas with 32 deaths, Manabí with 15 deaths and Esmeraldas with 14 deaths; The age range with the highest incidence is between 20 and 35 years old. The main causes are maternal diseases unrelated to pregnancy and that complicate it, such as, for example: gestational diabetes, rubella, toxoplasmosis, among others. And on the other hand we have the diseases of pregnancy, such as: eclampsia, pre-eclampsia superimposed on chronic hypertension, infection of the urinary tract in pregnancy, pre-eclampsia, placenta Previa and sepsis. Conclusions: It is concluded that the highest number of deaths occurs in the provinces of Guayas with 24.06%, Manabí 11.27%, Pichincha 11.27% and Esmeraldas 10.55%. Based on the results obtained, an action plan is offered that includes increasing the presence, availability and accessibility of public services in Guayas, Pichincha, Manabí and Esmeraldas oriented to body care in conjunction with information campaigns that help prevent of the main causes of maternal death in Ecuador.