Prevalencia de los defectos del esmalte dental en niños de la Clínica Odontopediatrica UCSG A-2018.

Abstract

Introduction: The enamel development defects (DDE) are the result of anomalies in the odontogenesis process during the enamel mineralization stage. The presence of DDE is related to the predisposition of dental caries, dental sensitivity, malocclusion and aesthetic problems, which can promote social and psychological problems. Objective: To determine the prevalence of enamel development defects (EDD) in children attending the Pediatric Dentistry Clinic of the Santiago de Guayaquil Catholic University during the semester A- 2018. Materials and Methods: The present study is observational, transversal and descriptive. The universe consisted of approximately 118 children, and the sample by 40 children of both sexes, between 5 and 12 years, who attended the UCSG Pediatric Dentistry Clinic, which presented some type of DDE. A descriptive statistical analysis of frequency and percentages was performed using the statistical software. Results: 40 children were evaluated, of which 16 (40%) corresponded to the male gender and 24 (40%) to the female gender, representing a prevalence of the DDE of 33.9%. Discussion: DDEs are not studied enough, although they give rise to aesthetic problems, dental sensitivity and are predisposing factors for dental caries. The etiological factors of these problems are multiple and range from the conception of the baby to the first years of life. Conclusion: Studies that consider the prevalence and covariates of DDE vary considerably with respect to the characteristics of the populations investigated, the aspects of measurement and the design of the study used.