Evaluación de niveles de benceno en el centro urbano de la ciudad de Guayaquil, para formular recomendaciones sobre el control de este contaminante, por parte de las autoridades ambientales competentes.

Abstract

The present investigation deals with the evaluation of benzene levels in the urban center of Guayaquil to check if it is present in the atmosphere since it occurs due to emissions caused by human activity. According to the Ecuadorian Air Quality Standard, a prolonged exposure to benzene can cause serious effects on human health, because it affects the central nervous system and the normal production of blood cells, deteriorates the immune system and damages the material genetic cell originating leukemia, also poisons bones, causes anemia and reduces white blood cells, thereby increasing the risk of cancer. For the location of the monitoring points, s trategic areas were chosen, taking into account the urban traffic that constitutes the largest source because there is no clean technology and the cars do not have catalytic converters because the vehicle fleet is from past years. The method used that is expressed in this work is circumscribed to the excellent management of data collection and laboratory analysis, which materialize results with the help of mathematical models and technological equipment necessary for the development of this scientific research. The results obtained may serve as information for the competent environmental authority at the local level to make decisions to continue monitoring the levels of this important parameter of air quality in the city of Guayaquil.