Frecuencia de factores de riesgo de epilepsia secundaria a enfermedad cerebro vascular en pacientes mayores de 35 años del Hospital Básico IESS Durán en el período 2015-2018.

Abstract

Introduction: The risk factors for CVA are currently well identified, where the HTA is one of the most prominent factors of ictus, whether ischemic or hemorrhagic. It should be emphasized that diabetes mellitus is definitely associated with ischemic CVA, but not with hemorrhagic CVA. However, in Ecuador we need statistical data that provide information about what is the most frequent risk factor for epilepsy secondary to CVA. Objective: Identify the most frequent risk factor for epilepsy secondary to cerebrovascular disease in 218 patients older than 35 years in the IESS Duran basic hospital within 2015-2018 period. Methodology: a descriptive, cross-sectional non-experimental study was carried out, based on clinical histories provided by the hospital. A list of 500 patients diagnosed with CVA was obtained, in which 189 of them satisfied the inclusion criteria. Results: In an age range between 35-94 years, 70-year-old patients (7.9%) are seen more frequently, with 15 patients in total. Inside the study, 89.4% had AHT, 36% DM II and 36% dyslipidemia. 74.1% had ischemic CVA, while 25.9% had hemorrhagic CVA. It was reported that the most prevalent factor to develop seizures was the AHT 41.7%, followed by the dyslipidemia 29.6% and DM II 20.1%. Conclusions: The most prevalent risk factor for epilepsy secondary to CVA was AHT, followed by dyslipidemia and DM II. It was also found that AHT was the most frequent risk factor associated with seizures and higher mortality. The CVA which was associated with the greatest number of seizures was ischemic followed by SAH.