Prevalencia de gastroenteritis en niños menores de 5 años atendidos en el área de emergencia pediátrica en un Hospital de Especialidades de la ciudad de Guayaquil, año 2019.

Abstract

Gastroenteritis is an infection that causes inflammation of the intestinal walls, caused by viruses, bacteria, parasites, and external agents. The most common complications, electrolyte disorders and metabolic acidosis, to a lesser extent volume depletion, paralytic ileus, this condition tends to be less recurrent. Objective: To determine the prevalence of Gastroenteritis in children under 5 years of age attended in the Pediatric Emergency area at a specialty hospital in the city of Guayaquil, 2019. Materials and methods: Descriptive, quantitative with a retrospective cross-sectional approach, review of histories patient clinics and direct observation of the AS400 System. Results: 49% of gastroenteritis cases occur in 1-year-old children, gastroenteritis cases occur mostly in women, which comprised 52% of cases, 94% of gastroenteritis cases in under 5 years old, come from rural places, 64% of cases are due to acute gastroenteritis, the agent that mostly leads to gastroenteritis are viruses with 54% of cases, the most common complications are, with 89% the hydroelectrolytic disorders followed by 87% metabolic acides. Conclusion: Gastroenteritis occurred to a great extent in 1-year-old female children, although it is not a predisposing factor, an increase in cases was also evident in rular areas; Acute gastroenteritis occurs mainly, the main causes are viruses; Hydroelectrolytic disorders are complications along with metabolic acidosis.