Consumo de sustancias psicotrópicas en pacientes con esquizofrenia en el Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo durante el periodo 2019.

Abstract

Introduction: Schizophrenia is a psychiatric illness that affects around 21 million people all over the world. The tendency of these patients to consume psychotropic substances is frequent, and its repercussion can accentuate the psychotic symptoms, incite violence or suicide. There are risk factors to consume these substances such as the age, gender, socio-economic level, education level, and schizophrenia diagnosis age. Objective: To analyze the consumption of psychotropic substances in patients with schizophrenia at the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Hospital (TMCH) during the period 2019. Materials and methods: Descriptive, transversal and observational study in a group of patients at TMCH in 2019. Results: 113 schizophrenic patients were evaluated. From these patients, 36.28% consume psychotropic substances. The consumed substance with highest frequently was the alcohol (78.05%). The 68.29% belongs to male gender and is associated with drug abuse (p=0.03). The average age of the consumers was 43.40 years. The media age to diagnose schizophrenia was 27.51 years in consumers, and 24.89 in non-consumers, there are no significant differences (t=0.068, p=0.946). The majority studied until the Baccalaureate and have medium socio-economic level, there is no association evidence. Conclusion: The prevalence of psychotropic substances consumption in schizophrenics was around 36.28%, and the alcohol was the most used substance. The most important risk factor was to be a man. In addition, the rest of factors are not found associated with the consumption of these substances.