Cirugía de reposicionamiento de labio como alternativa de tratamiento en la sonrisa gingival : Revisión sistemática.

Abstract

Introduction: The purpose of lip repositioning surgery is to decrease the gingival exposure presented in patients when smiling or speaking, reducing the traction of the lip elevator muscles by removing a portion of the buccal mucosa from the vestibule, reducing its depth. Objective: To test whether lip repositioning surgery is a viable alternative for the treatment of the gummy smile by reviewing clinical case reports found in the literature. Methodology: This systematic review was performed by reviewing 33 clinical case reports in Spanish and English, published between 2000 and 2020 that provided relevant information for the study. Results: An average preoperative gingival exposure of 5.83 mm and postoperative gingival exposure of 2.33 mm was obtained, showing that this technique can reduce up to 3.05 mm of gingival exposure. A total of 5 techniques were reported, of which the conventional technique was the most used. It was also observed that the most frequent etiology was lip hypermobility, representing 50% of the etiologies. The sensation of tension of the upper lip when speaking or smiling was the most reported effect in the articles, being mentioned in 18 of them. Conclusion: In conclusion, lip repositioning surgery is a less invasive alternative with few adverse effects that provides good results and patient satisfaction. However, more studies are needed to report the stability of the technique on the long run.