Métodos de separación gingival en prótesis fija.

Abstract

Introduction: Gingival retraction and definitive impression have improved over the years. Currently, gingival separation or retraction consists of the retraction of the soft tissue to provide a lateral and vertical space between the margin and the tooth so that the impression material can penetrate the sulcus and copy the dental margin. Multiple mechanical, mechanical-chemical, and surgical gingival retraction methods are reported, through studies and concepts, it will be determined which one is the most effective. Objective: Determine the most used gingival retraction technique to impression making for fixed prostheses in adult patients. Materials and methods: This research work is a qualitative, retrospective study with a descriptive design. It has been made a research with the key words and, according to the inclusion criteria, 30 articles were selected from which was made a review Results: It was determined that the most commonly used gingival retraction in the making of definitive technical impressions for fixed partial dentures in adult patients is mechanical-chemical, followed by surgery. Conclusion: It was concluded that, in restorative dentistry there are several methods for gingival separation; the chemical-mechanical method is the most used and contains good results both clinically and histologically, it also depends on the hygiene of the patient and the respective periodontal treatment for a healthy gingiva prior to gingival separation.