Analisis de resultados obtenidos entre las técnicas quirúrgicas bariátricas : Minigastric Bypass vs Manga Gástrica en pacientes con obesidad mórbida y diabetes tipo 2 en el Hospital Guayaquil, período 2017-2020.

Abstract

Introduction: Worldwide, obesity rates have tripled since 1975. A doubling of the obesity rate in a country generates a 3-fold increase in the prevalence of BMI>35, a 5-fold increase in BMI>40 and a 9-10-fold increase in individuals with BMI>50. In the last decade, the acceptance of surgery as a treatment for type 2 diabetes was analyzed. The present research work is developed with the purpose of evaluating the results obtained when intervening by means of gastric sleeve and bypass in patients with Diabetes Mellitus and Obesity. Methodology: A non-experimental, cross-sectional research work was carried out with a descriptive analysis of the data obtained by means of a retrospective approach. It was carried out under a sample of 130 patients, who were admitted to the hospital under the diagnosis code CIE-10 E119 and with Secondary Diagnosis of Obesity, in a database provided by the Department of Statistics of the Hospital Abel Gilbert Ponton of Guayaquil. Results: 68.49% of the patients were female and the most frequent age was in the range of 40 to 45 years old. The most frequent type of obesity was grade III with 62.31% and the most frequently performed intervention was gastric sleeve with 71%. The 93% of the patients obtained a glycemia lower than 126mg/dl after the intervention and 91.7% a Hb1Ac lower than 6.5%. Gastric Sleeve obtained remission in 92.4% of cases and Bypass in 86.4%. Conclusions: It is concluded that age over 40 years and female sex are risk factors in the need for bariatric surgery in Diabetes Mellitus, as well as third degree obesity. The intervention by means of gastric sleeve is more effective in obtaining remission of the condition in comparison with gastric bypass.