Evolución de la composición corporal en pacientes con obesidad sometidos a cirugía bariátrica en etapa pre y post quirúrgica.

Abstract

Obesity is defined as a chronic disease of multifactorial etiology, which is associated with various comorbidities that adversely affect the health and quality of life of people who suffer from it. Bariatric surgery is one of the most effective treatments in the management of morbid obesity. Nutritional treatment is important to ensure that the patient adapts to new eating patterns, prevent possible nutritional alterations, and achieve favorable results in body composition that have a positive impact on their health. The objective of this study was to determine the changes in body composition in obese patients undergoing gastric sleeve in the pre- and post-surgical period. As a methodology, this study is retrospective and with a quantitative approach, it worked with a sample of 111 patients with a mean age of 37 ± 10.48 who attended the "AVIVIR" nutritional medical center at the Alcívar Private Clinic, during the period 2020-2021. The results obtained showed that very high levels 93% in total body fat decreased markedly in the last evaluation a 23%. However, muscle mass was affected, in the pre-surgical stage, the patients presented values of 53% of normality and during the last control these values decreased to 29%. As a standard indicator of evaluation in the bariatric patient, changes in body composition and the reduction of risk factors associated with obesity should be prioritized.