Incidencia de parto prematuro en mujeres atendidas en el área de ginecología del Hospital de Especialidades Teodoro Maldonado Carbo de la ciudad de Guayaquil, año 2021.

Abstract

Preterm labor is defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as birth that occurs before the completion of 37 weeks or before 259 days of gestation, from the first day of the last menstrual period. The objective of the work carried out was to determine the incidence of preterm birth in women treated in the gynecology area of the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Specialty Hospital in the city of Guayaquil, year 2021. Design: quantitative approach, descriptive, prospective, cross-sectional. Technique: Indirect observation. Instrument: Indirect observation guide. Population: 278 medical records of women with preterm birth and 72 medical records of premature newborns. Results: 15 to 28 years 23%, mixed race 47%, primary 45%, single 47%, lifestyle 69% did not have any bad habits, among hypertensive disorders, hypertension was with a higher incidence in women with preterm delivery with the 65% followed by preeclampsia with 32% and GA 45% from 32 to 33 weeks, complete prenatal control 58%, in obstetric factors, urinary tract infection 100%, 77% anemia, premature rupture of membranes 46% , gestational diabetes 60%, among neonatal complications, respiratory 89%, neurological 78%, ophthalmological 81%, cardiovascular 72%, gastrointestinal 100%, immunological 97%, metabolic 94%. Conclusions: specific recommendations for mothers are necessary to prevent premature birth that entails morbidity and mortality in both the mother and the newborn.