Prevalencia de complicaciones maternas durante el trabajo de parto fisiológico en pacientes ingresadas en un Hospital Gineco-obstétrico de la ciudad de Guayaquil.

Abstract

Maternal complications are those that refer to disorders that occur during labor, so they require rapid and effective intervention to avoid damage to the mother and the fetus. Objective: To determine the prevalence of maternal complications during physiological labor in patients admitted to a gynecological-obstetric hospital in the city of Guayaquil. Design: descriptive, quantitative, retrospective, cross-sectional. Technique: Indirect observation. Instrument: Indirect observation matrix. Population and sample: 200 mothers who presented maternal complications from a gynecological-obstetric hospital. Results: Perinatal history: 20 to 34 years (87%), mixed ethnicity (77%), less than 5 prenatal check-ups (52%), urban origin (88%), hypertensive disorders (54%), multi-pregnancy (62%) , 1 to 2 abortions (90%), without twin antecedents (86%), gestational age from 28 to 40 weeks (100%), without toxic habits; hemoglobin less than 7 g / dl (54%), labor induced through oxytocics (66%) with episiotomy (84%), retained placenta (76%), profuse bleeding (65%), dilation better than 4cm (75%) ), 500ml of blood loss (69%), perineal skin injury (75%), perineal laceration (66%); nursing diagnosis: risk of bleeding (30%), risk of infection (20%) and risk of shock (20%). Conclusion: It is evident that there are several antecedents and clinical aspects, which allow identifying cases in which complications may occur during the delivery process, as it is important that the nursing staff have updated knowledge about the management of complications, to contribute to humane care maternal and reduce maternal morbidity and mortality.