Principales factores de riesgo de alveolitis post extracción de terceros molares.

Abstract

NTRODUCTION: Dry socket is considered a postoperative complication; it presents as an inflammatory process or in other infectious cases. Among the risk factors we have age, gender, nutritional status and pre-existing systemic diseases. OBJECTIVE: To determine the most prevalent factor in postextraction dry socket of third molars. MATERIALS AND METHODS: It is a systematic, analytical, descriptive retrospective review research. The study variables were: gender, age group, location, risk factors, and surgical complications. The study sample consisted of 30 scientific articles. RESULTS: Dry socket predominates in the female gender in 24 articles (86%), the most frequent age group is from 35 to 59 years according to 10 articles (44%); according to its location, the jaw is the place where the alveolitis develops (100%). The most common risk factor found was smoking in 26 articles (32%); and the complication during surgery that can develop alveolitis is dental trauma according to 14 articles (26%). CONCLUSION: Dry socket predominates in the female gender between 35 and 59 years; Its most frequent location is in the jaw area. Among the risk factors, smoking and lack of oral hygiene stand out; Regarding problems during dental surgery, dental trauma is the predominant factor for the development of alveolitis in patients.