Manejo del paciente con Síndrome de Espectro Autista en clínica odontológica. Revisión sistemática.

Abstract

Introduction: Autism spectrum disorder refers to a group of neurodevelopmental disabilities that comprise restricted or repetitive social interaction, communication, and behavioral stereotypes. This article has the importance of understanding how fundamental the comprehensive management by the dentist is. O bjective: Establish the management of patients with Autism Spectrum Syndrome in a dental clinic. Materials and methods: This systematic review has been carried out using metasearch engines, which are Pubmed, Scielo, Elsevier, Google Scholar, Cochrane. 30 scientific articles were obtained as a sample, including: clinical characteristics, sensory and behavioral difficulties, diagnostic criteria, behavior management and prevention methods. Analysis and discussion of results: Regarding diagnostic criteria, many authors emphasize the preparation and scheduling of dental appointments, which should last 10 to 15 minutes. Prevalence dental pathologies: caries, gingivitis, periodontitis and gingival hyperplasia. Regarding prevention methods, it is essential to maintain good communication with parents or guardians, together it is recommended that excellent oral hygiene be managed in these patients with a gentle introduction of tooth brushing, and make sure that this does not become aberrant for them. Conclusion: In conclusion, the relationship with parents or guardians is essential for the execution of treatments, improving communication with them, as well as educating them in the proper use of oral hygiene implements, will serve to reinforce dental cleaning at home, and thus avoid oral pathologies that frequently occur in these patients.