Malnutrición por defecto y factores asociados en niños de 1 a 4 años. Centro de Salud Pascuales. Año 2021.

Abstract

Background: There are two forms of malnutrition, malnutrition and overnutrition, the first being the most common and in Ecuador it is considered an important public health problem among children from 0 to 60 months. Objective: To associate malnutrition by default and the factors identified in children aged 1 to 4 years in two offices of the Pascuales health center in 2021. Methods: Relational research with an observational approach, cross section, planning in prospective and analytical data collection. Informed consent was obtained from the parents for the application of a survey prepared by the author and the registration of the anthropometric measurements of the 110 children aged 1 to 4 years included in the study. The data were analyzed with descriptive and correlation statistics such as Chi square. Results: 39.1% were 4 years old, 50.9% were female, and 91.8% were mixed. 91.8% receive water from the public network, 88.2% do not treat the water before drinking it. 91.2% of patients who have inadequate eating habits have malnutrition by default, 82.4% of patients who have low income have malnutrition by default; 67.6% of the patients who received breastfeeding between 1 to 6 months present malnutrition by default; 55.9% of the patients who have communicable disease present malnutrition by default and 52.9% of the patients who have malnutrition by default their parents have completed primary school. Conclusions: Malnutrition by default is related to inadequate eating habits, low income and schooling of the parents.