Efectividad y seguridad del uso del propranolol oral, en el tratamiento del Hemangioma Infantil en pacientes de 2 meses a 1 año de edad, en el periodo 2018-2020, en el Hospital Dr. Roberto Gilbert Elizalde.

Abstract

Infantile Hemangiomas (IH) are considered the most common benign vasculartumors in childhood, they originate from the proliferation of endothelial cells ofblood vessels; with a high incidence in children under 1 year of age. They canregress spontaneously after the initial proliferation and resolve without complications, a small percentage of them require some intervention, becausethey develop complications, or are at risk of presenting them. The treatment of choice is pharmacological intervention, and currently, Propranolol is considered the first-line medication for the management of infantile hemangiomas. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the use of oral propranolol as a treatment for infantile hemangioma. Methods: An observational, retrospective, descriptive study was designed, in which 60 patients from 2 months to 1 year of age with a diagnosis of Hemangioma treated at the Dr. Roberto Gilbert Elizalde Hospital in the period January 2018to December 2020 were considered; the average oral propranolol starting dosewas 1.05 – 2.56 mg/kg/day with adjustments during treatment. Results: 98.3%of the patients showed a favorable evolution with the treatment received, 1.66% presented relapse due to suspension of treatment in the proliferative phase, the difference in size before and after treatment was statistically significant (p = 0.0003). 33.32% of the patients reported some (transient) sideeffect caused by propranolol. Diarrhea and constipation were the most common. There were no cases of serious complications as a consequence ofthe use of propranolol.