Manejo quirúrgico de la ruptura del Tendón de Aquiles en pacientes de alto rendimiento tratados en el HDPNG-2 durante los años 2016 – 2020.

Abstract

Introduction: The Achilles tendon is one of the strongest and thickest tendons of the human body, it is formed by the union of the muscle soleus with both bellies of the gastrocnemius muscle, there is an avascular zone due to its distance from the myotendinous and bony portions; which is between four and six centimeters above its distal insertion; being this the area most likely to develop tendinopathies or ruptures with an annual incidence of approximately 18 cases per 100,000 people usually on men between 30 and 40 years of age. Methodology: It is a prevalence study (observational, retrospective, cross-sectional, descriptive). Information was collected from the medical records registered in the Hospital de la Policía Nacional de Guayaquil #2 in the period between January 2016 and December 2020 in patients diagnosed with rupture Achilles tendon who have the inclusion criteria and doesn't have any of the exclusion parameters. Results: The population of this study corresponds to 97 cases of tendinopathy, of which 29 had a diagnosis of Achilles tendon rupture, the average age of the patients was 36 years with a minimum of 27 and a maximum of 54 years.; 34.5% reported breaking the middle third while performing sports activities involving running. Finally, the most frequently applied surgical technique was open repair + reinforcement plasty in 34.5% of cases. Conclusion: Complete rupture of the Achilles tendon is a condition that can occur to any type of patient, but it is more frequent to find it in male patients aged between 27-54 years. The most frequent rupture level is the middle third with 34%; followed by the lower third with 28% usually in patients who were performing some high-performance sports activity. The most used surgical treatment was open repair + reinforcement plasty by 34%. Finally, it was observed that 28% of patients presented as a complication limited mobility or functional limitation.