Relación entre la prevalencia de la tuberculosis y diabetes en pacientes hospitalizados de 20 a 65 años en el Hospital General Guasmo Sur desde enero 2019 a enero 2020.

Abstract

Introduction: Tuberculosis is a chronic and insidious pathology whose origin lies in the bacteria of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis group, from which various clinical forms can occur, but the pulmonary form being the most frequent of them. It is believed that diabetes mellitus influences the risk of developing tuberculosis, and there are even reports indicating that between 10% and up to 30% of patients with secondary tuberculosis have a pathological history of diabetes mellitus. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective, cross-sectional and descriptive study, where the sample consisted of 212 patients attended under the diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus at the Hospital General Guasmo Sur in the city of Guayaquil. Results: 60.8% of the cases were male, and most of the patients were between 53 and 61 years of age. 52.8% of the cases had diabetes mellitus. Glycemia levels higher than 240 mg/dl were found in 52.8% of the cases. A glycosylated hemoglobin higher than 6.5% and glycemia higher than 240mg/dl showed association with the development of tuberculosis in patients with Diabetes Mellitus (p<0.05). Conclusions: Male sex and age within 53 and 61 years comprise the most prevalent epidemiological factors of Tuberculosis. Arterial hypertension comprises the main comorbidity; glycosylated hemoglobin greater than 6.5% and fasting glycemia greater than 240 mg/dl comprise the clinical factors of greater association with the development of this pathology. Mortality is high in cases of Diabetes Mellitus in association with Tuberculosis.