Prevalencia del espectro de formas clínicas de tuberculosis infantil en los pacientes atendidos en el Hospital Roberto Gilbert Elizalde desde el 01 enero del 2013 hasta el 31 de octubre del 2021.

Abstract

Background: The affected body systems and the different forms of presentation of tuberculosis should be described to provide tools that allow increasing the index of clinical suspicion to favor its early detection and reduce the sequelae of infection. For this reason, the main objective of this study is to determine the prevalent clinical forms of tuberculosis in children. Methods: An observational, retrospective, crosssectional, descriptive study was carried out in patients from 0 to 17 years 11 months of age with a diagnosis of Tuberculosis treated at the Roberto Gilbert Elizalde Hospital from January 1, 2013 to October 31, 2021. Results: A total of 206 patients were analyzed. In the distribution by age groups, adolescents ranked first (52.4%), the exclusively pulmonary clinical form was the most common (65.5%), followed by the extrapulmonary (26.7%). Among the extrapulmonary forms, lymph node tuberculosis was the most frequent (40%). In the analysis according to the Stegen and Kaplan criteria, modified by Toledo, it was found that 74.3% had a certain diagnosis, 18% a feasible diagnosis and 7.7% possible. Conclusions: The most prevalent clinical form is pulmonary tuberculosis, although extrapulmonary forms represent approximately one third of patients. Adolescents are the most affected age group and the prevalent clinical form was pulmonary tuberculosis.