Prevalencia de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 en adultos mayores ingresados en el área de endocrinología en un hospital de la ciudad de Guayaquil.

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus occurs when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin or when the body does not effectively use the insulin it does produce. In our study whose objective was to determine the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in older adults admitted to the Endocrinology area of the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Hospital from September 2020 to August 2021. Type of descriptive study, quantitative method, cross-sectional design, retrospective time, population 1305 hospitalized older adults, sample 297 older adults. Data collection procedure: indirect observation matrix, indirect observation technique, by reviewing medical records through the As400 system. Results: A prevalence of 22.76% of older adults who are affected with type 2 diabetes was evidenced, between the ages of 65 and 70 years with 44%, women with 51%, men with 49%, their family pathological history was evidenced in father or mother, grandparents, with diabetes mellitus 47%, arterial hypertension 14% and with the two pathologies 38%, another 1%, being a hereditary factor, their symptomatology was characterized by polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia with 97%, complications microvascular complications that stand out are nephropathy diseases 37%, neuropathic diseases 36%, macrovascular complications: peripheral vascular diseases 70% associated with arteriosclerosis, other pathologies that were evident were uropathic diseases 43%. Conclusion: The main complications in patients with diabetes mellitus 2 tend to develop due to the neglect of modifiable risk factors such as maintaining an adequate weight, performing physical activity, and a good diet, thus displaying a number of macrovascular and microvascular complications.