Prevalencia de dinapenia, sarcopenia y obesidad sarcopénica en mujeres adultas mayores institucionalizadas y no institucionalizadas de la ciudad de Guayaquil en agosto del 2022.

Abstract

Sarcopenia is the loss of skeletal muscle mass and muscle strength associated with aging. This study aims to determine the prevalence of dynapenia, sarcopenia, and sarcopenic obesity in institutionalized and noninstitutionalized older women in Guayaquil in August 2022. This research has a descriptive, prospective, and cross-sectional approach. The study involved 62 older adult women who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were classified into two groups: 24 institutionalized women and 38 noninstitutionalized women. Body Mass Index (BMI), Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form (MNA-SF), SARC-F Questionnaire, Muscle Mass Index through electrical bioimpedance (Inbody Dial), CESCORF tape measure, and muscle strength with a digital dynamometer (GRIPX) were assessed. According to the EWGSOP2 criteria: 23% (n=14) had a probable diagnosis of sarcopenia, 16% (n=10) sarcopenia, and 61% (n=38) without sarcopenia. Regarding the assessment of grip strength, it was found that 71% (n=44) were weak and that only 2% (n=1) of the population studied presented sarcopenic obesity. Most of the older adults did not present sarcopenia, however, the rest represent a significant number at risk, in addition to the fact that there is a high rate of low muscle strength in both groups and that the prevalence of sarcopenic obesity is not significant.