Prevalencia de caries dental y factores de riesgo asociados en un grupo de estudio en niños de 4 a 10 años en la Clínica de Odontopediatría de la UCSG.

Abstract

Introduction: Dental caries is a multifactorial oral disease with a high prevalence worldwide, being this the main cause of tooth loss in children and adults. Objective: to analyze the prevalence of dental caries and associated risk factors in a study group of children aged 4 to 10 years attending the Pediatric Dentistry Clinic of UCSG. Materials and Methods: Quantitative, cross-sectional, prospective, descriptive and non-experimental research, was carried out between May and August 2022, the universe was 120 patients, of which 93 were the sample obtained. Patients from 4 to 10 years of age of both sexes were considered, where the based history of caries, the oral hygiene habit, the level of risk of cariogenic diet, the lack of knowledge of the parents in the oral health of the children and socioeconomic level was determined by clinical parameters and surveys. Results: The results indicated that 100% of the patients presented dental caries, 44% of the patients presented an index 2 of bacterial plaque, that is to say that there is dental plaque with the naked eye, 59.14% of the patients are of stratum critical poverty, 51.61% have a very high risk level in the cariogenic diet and 81.72% of parents have a regular level of knowledge about their children's oral health. Conclusion: It is concluded that bad oral habits, excessive consumption of cariogenic foods, lack of knowledge of parents in the oral health of children and socioeconomic level cause dental caries.