Análisis de la resistencia flexural en restauraciones de zirconio monolítico. Revisión de literatura.

Abstract

ntroduction: High aesthetic expectations and biocompatibility requirements have increased the use of ceramic systems in dentistry, positioning monolithic zirconium as one of the main materials due to its optimal properties. This systematic review aims to determine the flexural strength of monolithic zirconium. Materials and methods: Systematic review, crosssectional, retrospective, qualitative approach with analytical design, nonexperimental correlational. The search for scientific articles was carried out in PubMed, Elsevier, Scopus, and Google Scholar metasearch engines. A total of 583 articles were obtained since the year 2017 to the year 2022, of which 35 met the inclusion criteria. Results: Monolithic zirconium showed high flexural strength and fracture load values, specifically between 900 to 1,200 MPa and 9 to 10 MPa, respectively. However, this property can be affected by factors such as material abrasion, temperature, tooth preparation, cementing agents, the effect of grinding, polishing and occlusal loads. Conclusions: Monolithic zirconia is widely used in metal-free restorations and dental prosthetics due to its good flexural strength, fracture toughness, biocompatibility, biofunctionality, and affordability. Its long-term success is influenced by its composition, processing method, thickness, and by the inherent characteristics of the remaining tooth structure and the quality of the bond.