Prevalencia de síntomas neurológicos en neonatos con síndrome de abstinencia atendidos en el Hospital General Liborio Panchana Sotomayor desde enero de 2017 a enero de 2020.

Abstract

Neonatal abstinence syndrome is a growing problem around the world, caused by the great increase in drug use. It is characterized by presenting neurological symptoms such as high-pitched crying, tremor, seizures, lethargy, Moro reflex and hypertonia up to two weeks of age. Objective: To verify the prevalence of withdrawal syndrome in children of consuming mothers. Materials and Methods: The type of study carried out is prevalence, descriptive and observational, where a database provided by the Liborio Panchana Sotomayor General Hospital was used as the main source of information, in all patients who received the final diagnosis of “Abstinence Syndrome” during the study period. Results: Of the total number of neonates, 64.71% were male, the average age at which clinical manifestations appeared was 1.35 days, highpitched crying was the most frequent symptom in 29.41% of cases. The substance of consumption used by the pregnant women was the "H", being its frequency 91.2% of the total cases. Conclusions: High-pitched cry was the most frequent symptom, starting in most cases immediately after delivery, it was also determined that the male sex is the most prevalent in the newborns studied and most of them were term. Along with this, it is concluded that the average age of the mothers was 20.21 years and the most consumed drug was "H", which was mostly used throughout the whole pregnancy. No statistically significant correlation was found between the type of substance of abuse used by the mother and the development of various types of neurological symptoms.