La reinserción familiar de los niños, niñas y adolescentes en acogimiento institucional, un estudio en una Fundación de la provincia de Santa Elena en el periodo 2020-2021.

Abstract

This investigation shows the process of the right restitution to live in family that is developed with children and teenagers in the Institutional Shelter of the Organization Santa María De La Esperanza, whose mission is to contribute with their protection, coordinating with state organisms. The children and teenagers in our country are considered a vulnerable population and an absolute priority. Unfortunately, the violation of the their rights increases every day, and, in the last years the intrafamiliar and social violence has increased more, this shows the weak intervention responses of the Decentralized National System of Protection to Childhood and Adolescence (SNDPINA). The children and teenagers enter to the Institutional Shelter with an administrative or judicial resolution, after their families, in any way, victimized them: physically, psychologically, sexually, neglected, abandoned, etc. These experiences affect their lives, leaving sequels and holding back their entire growing. In Santa María De La Esperanza we work with a trained and interdisciplinary team, that knows its functions and competences that for conviction and identification with the values of the Organization, knows the value of team work, where there is communication, love, empathy, service spirit, quality, warmth and a humanistic approach. These values and principles are practiced in the professional interventions for an optimum of family reintegration. We do this under national and international legal regulations. The process of the right restitution to live in a family, that is the family reintegration, was studied through the ecological and systemic theories, and had the participation of the families, children, teenagers and the professional team. Through interviews and documental reviews, it was possible to evidence that when the families accept to have a reintegration family process, the families play a leading role and can start planned psicosocial process, where they develop parental care skills, where protective factors are empowered to strengthen the familiar systems. All this allows returning to children and teenagers the right to live in a family, where they will be loved, protected and treated with dignity.