Prevalencia de las convulsiones febriles complejas en pacientes pediátricos atendidos en el Hospital de Niños “Dr. Roberto Gilbert Elizalde” en período junio 2013 hasta junio 2021.

Abstract

Background: Febrile seizures occur in 2 to 5% of the pediatric population, which 30% represent complex febrile seizures, that are characterize by one or more of the following criteria: focal seizures, duration more than 15 minutes, recurrence within the first 24 hours and may or may not alter the baseline status of the patient. In Ecuador there is few information about the epidemiological profile of this pathology. Methods: An observational, retrospective, cross-sectional and descriptive study was carried out in which all patients with a diagnosis of complex febrile seizure who meet the inclusion criteria treated at the Roberto Gilbert Elizalde Hospital in the period June 2013 to 2021 were included. Results: A total of 251 patients who met all the inclusion criteria were found. The average age was 1.9 years, 93.6% of the patients were in an age range of 6 months to 5 years, the male sex predominated in 57.4%. Recurrence in the first 24 hours was the most common of the characteristics (86.8%), followed by convulsive episodes of more than 15 minutes and respiratory infections were the most frequent trigger of seizures. Of the 251 patients included in the study, 148 (59%) received anticonvulsant treatment. Conclusions: The prevalence of complex febrile seizures was 0.058% of all the emergency attention and 26,4% of all febrile seizures, children between 1 and 3 years old were the most affected group, 5.2% were associated to neuroinfection and 1.2% to epilepsy.