Estudio retrospectivo de la incidencia de fisura labio palatina en pacientes pediátricos del Hospital de Niños Roberto Gilbert E.

Abstract

Introduction: Cleft lip and palate (FLP) are malformations that affect the maxillary and palatal processes to different degrees, being considered developmental anomalies, and bring with them different aesthetic, functional, and phonetic problems. Objective: To establish the incidence of FLP in pediatric patients at the Robert Gilbert E. Children's Hospital. Materials and methods: This research has a qualitative-quantitative approach, cross-sectional and retrospective, descriptive and analytical design, deductive-inductive method; was carried out through a review study of 80 medical records (HC) of patients treated at the Roberto Gilbert E Children's Hospital (HNRGE). Of which 40 HC were selected by inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: As analyzed, the most affected sex of FLP was male 57.7%, and the most prevalent type of FLP was Group II type A left complete, and the HC showed that all neonates reached their final stage of formation. intrauterine at the time of birth 62.50%. Among the provinces, Guayas presented 60% of the total HC of patients with FLP. Conclusion: Within the limits of the present study we can conclude that, due to the fact that the hospital is a general pediatric consultation hospital, the rate of patients without corrective surgeries is still high in the province of Guayas. We recommend further studies to determine the population areas most affected by this type of malformation and thus direct specific protocols for the formulation of public health policies and the improvement of the quality of life of patients affected by FLP.