Infección por Helicobacter pylori asociado a esofagitis en pacientes con enfermedad de reflujo gastroesofágico de 40 a 60 años en el Hospital General IESS Los Ceibos en el periodo 2021 – 2022.

Abstract

H. pylori infection is a significant risk factor for peptic ulcer, gastric adenocarcinoma, and primary gastric B-cell lymphoma. The prevalence of H. pylori infection in asymptomatic patients varies by age, ranging from 8% to 15.1% in infancy and childhood, 29.8% in youth, 55.1% in adulthood, and 94.6% in old age. GERD is found in approximately 20-32% of Latin Americans and is a multifactorial pathology. It is important to note that GERD is one of the main reasons for gastroenterology consultation, and many patients seek medical attention due to chronic symptoms. The disease presents esophagitis in approximately 30% of cases, being one of the most common complications of GERD. The study concludes that the rate of H. pylori infection in patients with GERD at the General Hospital IESS Los Ceibos is 47.3%, highlighting the importance of evaluating the presence of this bacteria in GERD patients for appropriate treatment. It was determined that there is a relationship between esophagitis and H. pylori infection in GERD patients, but the risk estimation generated in the study is not significant. Due to this, it is not possible to confirm that H. pylori infection in patients with gastroesophageal reflux provides a protective factor against esophagitis. It is established that there is no relationship between age and sex with the main variables of the study, as well as gastroenteric pathology of colitis, which had no significant relationship. However, a risk relationship was found between gastritis and H. pylori infection in GERD patients.