Alteraciones condilares más comunes diagnostcadas mediante radiografa 2D en pacientes de 20 a 50 años que acuden a Centro Radiológico de la ciudad en Guayaquil.

Abstract

Introduction: The morphological alterations of the condyles are determined by the decrease of bone tissue in the mandibular condyle, which changes its shape and size. The etiology of morphological changes has been linked to rheumatoid arthritis, internal TMJ disorder, steroid use, orthodontic treatments, and orthognathic surgery. Objective: To identify the most common condylar alterations diagnosed by 2D radiography in patients between the ages of 20 and 50 who attend a radiological center in the city of Guayaquil. Materials and Methods: A study with a qualitative approach was carried out with a type of retrospective - cross-sectional research and with a descriptive and observational, nonexperimental research design. He went to a radiological center in Guayaquil. The sample consisted of 1,500 panoramic radiographs, of which 462 met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: In this study of the 462 cases, 40.67% were women and 59.33% were men. Condylar alterations occurred in (61, 33%) condylar flattening (27.33%) osteophytes, (6.67%) condylar hyperplasia, (2.6%) condylar erosion, and (2.00%) bifid condyle. Conclusions: The most frequent condylar alteration was the condylar flattening and the less frequent the bifid condyle, additionally it was found that the condyle that presented the greatest alteration was the condyle on the right side and in patients with less than 4 teeth in the mouth, additionally we can delimit the importance of a correct clinical diagnosis that serves to be able to determine together with the radiographic evaluation an opportune diagnosis in the patient.