Frecuencia de la insuficiencia cardiaca en adultos mayores de 40 años que acuden al Hospital General Norte de Guayaquil IESS Los Ceibos de enero a diciembre del 2021.

Abstract

Heart failure is a chronic condition characterized by insufficient pumping of the heart to provide the metabolic needs that the body requires to maintain fullness. Objective: To determine the frequency of heart failure in adults over 40 years of age attending the Hospital General Norte de Guayaquil Los Ceibos. Methodology: descriptive study with a quantitative approach, with a retrospective cross-sectional design. Technique: Indirect observation. Instrument: Observation matrix. Population: 333 patients. Results: The sociodemographic aspects showed that 56.2% were women, followed by 43.8% men. In age, 61.0% corresponded to those aged 66 years and older, followed by 33.9% between 61 and 65 years. With mestizo ethnicity 89.5%. According to the type of heart failure, congestive heart failure was 58.9%, followed by chronic heart failure 31.2%, with functional class 3 (84.7%) and functional class 4 (9.9%). This study showed dilated cardiomyopathy 36.6% and ischemic cardiomyopathy 20.4% as causes. Among the complications, the most frequent was complete atrioventricular block 20.1% followed by pulmonary edema 31.8%. In 2021, the frequency of heart failure was highest in August (13.2%), March (12.3%) and July (12.0%). Conclusion: the frequency of heart failure in adults older than 40 years was the congestive type, with more cases in the month of August in the year 2021.