Prevalencia de la lesión del nervio recurrente laríngeo posterior a una tiroidectomía en pacientes atendidos en el servicio de otorrinolaringología del Hospital de Especialidades Teodoro Maldonado Carbo durante el año 2020-2022.

Abstract

Objective: To determine the prevalence of laryngeal paralysis after thyroidectomy in patients treated in the otorhinolaryngology service of the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Specialties Hospital during the year 2020-2022. Materials and Methods: It is an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective study, which was developed in the city of Guayaquil at the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Specialties Hospital in patients with a surgical history of thyroidectomy and with a diagnosis of injury nerve recurrent laryngeal in the otorhinolaryngology service of said hospital. The data collection method was developed by searching for medical records obtained from the AS-S400 system of the aforementioned hospital. Results: this study was based on a sample of 131 patients with paralysis of the vocal cords and larynx, 72 of them (55%) underwent thyroidectomy, of which 64 patients (49%) were found to be female and 8 patients (6%) to the male sex. Within the laryngoscopic findings in the evaluation of the vocal cords, it was shown that the predominant lesion was the right vocal cord with 28 patients (21%); followed by the left vocal cord with 22 patients (17%); finally affected bilaterally, both left and right, we found a total of 22 patients (17%). The predominant clinical manifestation was dysphonia presented by 70 patients (54%). Conclusion: According to the results, the prevalence of a surgical history of thyroidectomy in patients with paralysis of the vocal cords and larynx seen in the otolaryngology service is 55%.