Caracterización de la población con diagnóstico de vitiligo entre 20-80 años atendida en el hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo del periodo 2020-2022.

Abstract

Background: vitiligo is a skin condition characterized by the presence of achromic macules that affects 0.002 – 2.28% of the world’s population. It is considered unpredictable and of unknown etiology, although it’s believed to be related to other diseases. In Ecuador data is scarce, but it is estimated that there are 100 new cases per year. Materials and methods: descriptive, observational, retrospective, cross-sectional study carried out at Teodoro Maldonado Hospital during the period 2020-2022 consisting of 277 patients diagnosed with vitiligo. Results: of the patients analyzed, 151 (54,5%) were male and 126 (45,5%) were female; presenting a mean age of 51 years. Most of them presented a non-segmental distribution (75,5%). The most common location was the extremities, with 166 (40,8%) patients presenting involvement in this area. The majority showed active disease (59,2%). The most common group of diseases in this group were metabolic diseases, occurring in 114 patients (35,8%), with diabetes mellitus in the lead (23,1%). The most used management was topical therapy, which was observed in 150 patients (54,2%), with betamethasone being the most used (59,0%). Conclusions: vitiligo is more common in males with a mean age of 51 years. Most of the lesions develop in sun-exposed areas and a high number of patients have a personal pathological history, which could be an indicator of vitiligo with these.