Eficacia de la terapia hormonal con inhibidores de la aromatasa como tratamiento adyuvante en cáncer de mama en estadio temprano positivo para ER en mujeres de 55 a 65 años en el Hospital Solca Guayaquil, periodo 2017-2023.

Abstract

Introduction: Breast cancer affected 2.2 million people in 2020 with a mortality rate of 1 in every 6 women, values that are increasing, and is classified according to the hormonal receptors present in the cells such as estrogen receptors (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and HER2. Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of Aromatase Inhibitors as adjuvant treatment in ER-positive cancer, assess the survival rate, establish the most frequent age range of presentation, and determine the presence of additional biomarkers and histological grade, and their relationship with the drug´s efficacy. Materials and methods: Observational, retrospective study, with a cross-sectional and analytical approach carried out at the SOLCA Oncological Hospital in Guayaquil, where a database of 1884 patients diagnosed with the disease in the period 2017-2023 was used. Results: Out of 1004 patients analyzed, 86 of them showed absence of tumors after AI treatment, corresponding to and effectiveness of 82.7%. Discussion: Additional studies comparing AIs with tamoxifen and additional hormonal therapies demonstrated greater efficacy in AIs therapy, highlighting letrozole, with a decrease in recurrence rates at 5 and 10 years. Conclusions: This study demonstrates the high remission rate achieved by breast cancer patients undergoing treatment with Aromatase Inhibitors.