Factores de riesgo de colelitiasis en pacientes pediátricos del Hospital del Niño, Dr. Francisco de Icaza Bustamante durante el periodo de enero 2018 a diciembre 2023.

Abstract

Introduction: Cholelithiasis is usually rare in the pediatric population; recently its prevalence has increased in this population, and obesity is noted as a cause of this pathology. Surgeons have reported a 7-fold increase in the number ofcholecystectomies, due to the accidental and early discovery through images. Complications of cholelithiasis are not very common, however, if one of them occurs it can be highly fatal. Publicizing the risk factors could be a means of prevention to avoid the development of this pathology in pediatric patients. Objective: To identify the risk factors the cholelithiasis in pediatric patients aged 8 to 15 years at the Children's Hospital, Dr. Francisco de Icaza Bustamante during the period from January 2018 to December 2023. Materials and methods: It is an observational, crosssectional, descriptive and retrospective study. Results: 94 patients were studied where the most prevalentage group was 8 to 10 years (56.38%), the female gender has a higher prevalence (65.96%). The most common size for age was normal size (93.62%). The most common body mass index for age was healthy weight >P15 and <P85 (34.04%).7.45% had a history of prematurity. 4.26% had sepsis. 72.34% of pediatric patients had a family history of cholelithiasis. 14.89% were cases considered idiopathic. Conclusions: The risk factor is mostly a family history of cholelithiasis (72.4%). Cholelithiasis in pediatric ages has a higher prevalence due to the femalegender (65.96%). The most common age range for cholelithiasis is in adolescence, in the range of 8 to 10 years (56.38%). The most common BMI in pediatric patients with cholelithiasis is healthy weight, in the >P15 and <P85 percentile (34.04%).