Características clínicas y epidemiológicas de la hemorragia digestiva alta secundaria al consumo de antiinflamatorios no esteroideos. Hospital de Especialidades Teodoro Maldonado Carbo 2020-2023.

Abstract

Introduction: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the most widely consumed group of drugs worldwide for their anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic properties. They act by inhibiting the synthesis of prostaglandins, modifying the proliferative response of the mucosa, altering the mechanisms of cell regeneration. This mechanism, they can produce an increase in the secretion of gastric acid, which leads to complications that trigger the development of peptic ulcers or erosive gastritis. Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is defined as heavy bleeding located in the structures above the angle of Treitz. This hemorrhage is more prevalent in patients with a history of ulcerative disease or variceal disease. Objectives: to determine the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of UGIB secondary to NSAID consumption. Materials and methods: the study adopted a quantitative, observational, descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective approach, using the SPSS program for statistical analysis. Results: Of the 315 patients sampled, 56.8% were male, the average age was 61 years. The median time of NSAID consumption was 30 days, average hospitalization time 10.59 days and 9.8% mortality. 95.9% ingested the maximum dose of the medication and 37.8% had erosive gastritis as a history. Conclusion: More than 10% of HDA was caused by NSAID use, the most frequent antecedents were erosive gastritis, coagulopathies and peptic ulcer. Three quarters of the sample was between 40-80 years old.