Prevalencia de Lesiones por Quemaduras en el Hospital Naval de Guayaquil durante el periodo de enero del 2021 a diciembre del 2023.

Abstract

Introduction: The prevalence of burns at the “Hospital Naval de Guayaquil” has been the subject of study due to the lack of previous research in this area. These injuries are a common cause of morbidity and mortality, significantly affecting the working-age population and presenting challenges in their management and prevention. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and characteristics of burns treated at this hospital during the period from January 2021 to December 2023. Methodology: A descriptive, observational, and cross-sectional study was conducted, reviewing the medical records of patients treated for burns during the specified period. Variables such as age, sex, etiology of the burn, degree of severity, and administered treatment were analyzed. Results: The study included 129 cases; 67.44% were male, with a prevalence in the 20 to 39-year age group. The most frequent causes were scalds and contact with hot surfaces, most occurring at home. Second-degree burns were the most common. Early intervention and proper management in the facilities significantly reduced hospital stays and long-term complications. Conclusion: The findings underline the importance of implementing specific preventive measures, especially in domestic environments, to decrease the incidence of burns. Additionally, the need to enhance the hospital's resources and capabilities to effectively manage these injuries is emphasized, which could reduce the severity of and improve treatment outcomes.