Evaluación del índice neutrófilo-linfocito en pacientes con pancreatitis aguda en el Hospital General Monte Sinaí en el periodo 2021-2022.

Abstract

Introduction: Acute pancreatitis is a pathology with high incidence worldwide, varying between 4.9 and 80 cases per 100,000 inhabitants. The severity of this disease can vary from mild to severe, with a mortality of 15% in severe cases. Although several severity predictor scales exist, the neutrophil-lymphocyte index (NLI) has proven to be a simpler and more economical alternative. The aim of this study is to evaluate the neutrophil-lymphocyte index in patients with acute pancreatitis at Mount Sinai General Hospital in the period 2021-2022 Methodology: This study is analytical, cross-sectional, retrospective and observational level, in which 155 patients who met the inclusion criteria were included. Data were analyzed in SPSS 26, using descriptive and inferential statistics, including normality, Mann-Whitney and Youden Index tests. INL performance was evaluated with the area under the ROC curve to determine its prognostic efficacy. Results: The prevalence of acute pancreatitis was 0.3%, predominantly in women and in the 21-39 years age group. The most frequent symptoms were abdominal pain (68.4%) and abdominal distension (43.2%). The analysis revealed that the neutrophil-lymphocyte index (NLI) showed a moderate ability to distinguish between mild and severe acute pancreatitis, with an area under the ROC curve of 0.618, while leukocytes showed a better diagnostic ability with an AUC of 0.897. INL presented high specificity (93.7%) and negative predictive value (76.6%) to confirm the absence of severe acute pancreatitis. Conclusions: NLI is related to the severity of acute pancreatitis but does not effectively predict the severity of the disease compared to the number of leukocytes, which shows a higher predictive ability.