Manejo profiláctico no farmacológico en gestantes con hipertensión arterial que acuden a un hospital de Guayaquil, año 2024.

Abstract

Introduction: Gestational arterial hypertension affects the mother and fetus, constitutes a public health problem because it is the main cause of maternal death in developing countries(1).Objective: To determine the nonpharmacological prophylactic management in pregnant women with arterial hypertension attending a hospital in Guayaquil, year 2024. Population and sample: 150 pregnant women who met the inclusion criteria. Instrument: Questionnaire of questions preelaborated by the author according to the literature review. Results: 67% are between 19 and 33 years old, 72% completed high school, 74% are in the second or third trimester of pregnancy. Obesity and type 2 diabetes affect 15% of the pregnant women and 20% reported other comorbidities. Considering dietary and healthy habits, 72% consumed protein frequently, 11% consumed legumes and vegetables very frequently, 51% had a low consumption of fruits. 38% walked frequently, but 71% did little exercise, and only 13% practiced yoga. 88% have inadequate weight control, with 55% obese and 33% overweight. Conclusion: Nonpharmacological prophylactic management in pregnant women with hypertension included dietary habits, healthy habits and BMI monitoring. Most of them were between 19 and 33 years old, lived in urban areas, were unemployed and had a low educational level. There was a high prevalence of obesity, poor consumption of fruits and vegetables, and little physical activity, except for walking.