Manejo del uso del sulfato de magnesio en gestantes con preeclampsia/eclampsia ingresadas en el área de ginecología de un hospital de Guayaquil año 2024.

Abstract

The use of magnesium sulfate in cases of preeclampsia and eclampsia has characteristics that favor the reduction of pressure and cerebral inflammation, protecting the brain from damage caused by vascular problems, and reduces neuroexcitators. Objective: To determine the management of the use of magnesium sulfate in pregnant women with preeclampsia / eclampsia admitted to the gynecology area of a hospital in Guayaquil in 2024. Design: descriptive, quantitative, prospective, cross-sectional period, direct and indirect observation. Population: 151 pregnant women. Results: Regarding sociodemographic characteristics, 32% of those diagnosed were between 29 and 33 years of age, 53% were from rural areas, 41% were of African descent, 55% were high school graduates, and 42% were homemakers. Regarding personal history, 50% had experienced hypertensive syndrome or simply elevated blood pressure in their previous pregnancies. Fifty-four percent were admitted during the first trimester of pregnancy (first to third month). Premonitory signs and symptoms: 52% presented flushing and sweating, 40% hypotension and nausea. Complications: 67% presented with persistent bradycardia (acute) and Hellp syndrome (severe), and 50% with muscle weakness (moderate). Conclusion: Magnesium sulfate therapy in this group has been shown to be a key intervention in managing complications in the context of gestational hypertension, as well as protecting brain function. A large percentage of these women had a history of hypertension in previous pregnancies, indicating a risk pattern.