Caracterización epidemiológica de los pacientes con dengue con signos de alarma atendidos en el Hospital Básico IESS Durán desde enero 2023 a mayo del 2024.

Abstract

Introduction: Dengue is a vector-borne disease, transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, and is a public health problem with a notable worldwide incidence. This pathology has different phases and complications, being dengue with alarm signs the most serious one. Objective: To determine the epidemiological characteristics of patients with dengue with alarm signs seen at the Hospital Básico IESS Duran from January 2023 to May 2024 Methodology: This is an observational research study with a retrospective, cross-sectional and descriptive design. Results: In the Hospital Básico IESS Durán between 2023 and 2024, 189 patients with a diagnosis of dengue with warning signs were attended. A total of 49.7% of the cases were over 65 years of age, 60.8% were men, with a higher incidence in urban areas (70.4%), highlighting the Divino Niño parish, with 48.9% of cases. Severe abdominal pain (98.9%), lethargy (92.1%) and pleural effusion (76.2%) were the most common alarm signs. Thrombocytopenia was the most frequent laboratory report (94.2%), followed by hemoconcentration (77.8%) and leukopenia (45.5%). Conclusion: Dengue with alarm signs occurred more frequently in older adults of the male sex, especially in urban areas. Abdominal pain was the most common symptom and thrombocytopenia the main hematological alteration. Significant associations were identified between origin and clinical manifestation, highlighting the influence of sociodemographic factors and access to health care in the evolution of the disease.