Prevalencia de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 en pacientes con antecedentes de pancreatitis aguda atendido en el Hospital General del Norte de Guayaquil IESS Los Ceibos de enero del 2021 a diciembre del 2023.

Abstract

Introduction: Acute pancreatitis can generate severe complications and increase the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus, affecting up to 40% of patients in the long term. This highlights the importance of specialized management to prevent metabolic sequelae. Objective: To determine the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in patients with a history of acute pancreatitis in the Hospital General del Norte de Guayaquil IESS Los Ceibos during the period 2021- 2023. Methodology: This research had an observational, retrospective, crosssectional and descriptive design. Results: 187 patients with a history of acute pancreatitis were included. The mean age was 62.7 ± 13.5 years, with female predominance (58.8%). The most frequent comorbidities were dyslipidemia (70.6%), obesity (46%) and arterial hypertension (36.4%). Hypertriglyceridemia was the main etiology of acute pancreatitis (42%), followed by biliary lithiasis (31%) and alcoholism (14%). The most common local complication was necrosis (11.2%), while at the systemic level, hyperglycemia predominated (26.2%), followed by renal failure (10.2%). In addition, 28.3% of patients developed type 2 diabetes mellitus after the episode of pancreatitis. Conclusion: A relevant percentage of patients with a history of acute pancreatitis developed type 2 diabetes mellitus, especially in more severe cases, which highlights the need for metabolic follow-up to prevent long-term complications.