Factores de riesgo asociados a Fascitis Necrotizante en paciente mayores de 40 años atendidos en el Hospital General Guasmo Sur durante el periodo 2022- 2024.

Abstract

The research sought to determine the risk factors present in patients over 40 years of age with a diagnosis of necrotizing fasciitis at the Hospital General Guasmo Sur during the period 2020-2023. An observational, retrospective, analytical cutoff study was performed, in which secondary and primary data were used. Twenty-nine cases of necrotizing fasciitis were studied and it was determined that diabetes mellitus constitutes the most relevant risk factor, being found in 52% of the cases. Surgical history and arterial hypertension are also considered as factors, which allow such a complex infectious process to occur. Furthermore, the high frequency of occurrence of polymicrobial fasciitis suggests the need for a multidisciplinary approach to the disease. The clinical features evidence higher prevalence in the elderly, in relation to the assumption that their associated diseases are more severe. The findings accentuate the need to develop educational actions by the health system particularly with regard to chronic diseases. Although most of the patients showed a favorable evolution, some had to undergo more complex procedures, therefore, it must be accepted that permanent vigilance is required. The main conclusion states that early identification of risk factors along with proactive management is critical to improve outcomes in patients with necrotizing fasciitis.