Factores de riesgo que predisponen al hipotiroidismo en mujeres de 40 a 60 años en el Hospital General del Norte IESS Ceibos en el año 2024.

Abstract

Introduction: Hypothyroidism is a disorder of the thyroid gland that is characterized by causing a slowing of metabolism. It is estimated to have an incidence of 8% in our country, and predominantly affects the female sex. There are clearly identified risk factors such as age, sex, family history, iodine deficiency and autoimmune disorders that make this pathology a public health problem. Objective: To identify the risk factors that predispose to hypothyroidism in women between 40 and 60 years of age at the Hospital General del Norte IESS Ceibos in the year 2024. Methodology: This research had a non-experimental, observational, retrospective, cross-sectional and analytical design. Results: 153 female patients with hypothyroidism were identified. The most frequent age group was between 56 and 60 years old (41.8%). Metabolic syndrome (61.4%) and obesity (51.6%) were the most common comorbidity within the population. There was a significant association between the presence of hypothyroidism and family history (p = 0.002), metabolic syndrome (p < 0.001), rheumatoid arthritis (p = 0.001) and dyslipidemia (p = 0.001). Conclusions: Hypothyroidism is associated with risk factors such as family history, metabolic disorders and autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, which implies the importance of early diagnosis constant monitoring of the population at risk.