Complicaciones por trauma abierto de tórax en pacientes atendidos en el área de emergencias en el Hospital General Monte Sinaí durante el periodo 2022-2023.

Abstract

Introduction: Chest trauma is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Open chest trauma is common in the second and third decades of life, mainly in males. It is associated with a high risk of morbidity and mortality due to the involvement of the heart, lungs and large blood vessels. The current crisis of insecurity in Ecuador has led to an accelerated increase in patients with chest trauma in the emergency area. Objective: To characterize complications due to open chest trauma in patients treated in the emergency area at Mount Sinai General Hospital during the period 2022-2023. Methodology: This study is an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective study. The sample is made up of 233 patients aged 18 to 45 years without comorbidities with open chest trauma. A simple random sampling technique was used. The statistical analysis was performed in Microsoft Excel version 2019 software. Results: It was found that the most frequent complication is hemopneumothorax (38.20%). Chest x-ray was used in 65.67% while evacuatory thoracocentesis was the most used therapeutic tool in 54.65%. 43.35% of the patients died within 24 hours post-trauma. The mortality rate is 64.80%. Conclusion: The severity and type of thoracic lesions in addition to the ability to resolve at the time of care influence mortality and the appearance of complications.