Complicaciones infecciosas en pacientes postquirúrgicos ingresados por abdomen agudo en el área de UCI del Hospital General Guasmo Sur en el periodo 2021-2024.

Abstract

Introduction: Currently, postoperative complications are considered a major health problem, with mortality rates ranging between 3 and 12 million deaths annually. Providing adequate care is of utmost importance to prevent, promptly recognize, and treat postoperative complications to avoid mortality (1). The primary surgical emergency is acute abdomen, characterized by the sudden onset of moderate to severe abdominal pain requiring immediate intervention. It is noted that approximately 80% of patients undergoing abdominal surgery experience postoperative complications, making it essential to promptly identify those at high risk who could benefit from interventions to achieve a favorable prognosis. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of infectious complications in postoperative patients admitted for acute abdomen in the ICU of the Guasmo Sur General Hospital during the period 2021–2024. Methodology: An observational, descriptive, retrospective, and cross-sectional study was conducted at the Guasmo Sur General Hospital during the period 2021–2024. Results: The results showed that the prevalence of infectious complications in postoperative patients admitted for acute abdomen in the ICU of the Guasmo Sur General Hospital was 30%. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that infectious complications in postoperative patients admitted for acute abdomen in the ICU have a high prevalence of 30%. Furthermore, the most frequent complication was surgical site infection, with a rate of 42.2%, which is highly significant as various studies have reported similar results. Therefore, it is crucial to strengthen measures for infection prevention, control, and postoperative follow-up.