Prevalencia de glaucoma en pacientes entre 40 y 70 años que acuden a la consulta externa del Hospital General del Norte de Guayaquil Los Ceibos desde enero 2024 a enero 2025.

Abstract

Introduction: Glaucoma is an eye disease characterized by progressive damage to the optic nerve, usually associated with elevated intraocular pressure, which causes defects in the visual field and can lead to irreversible vision loss. Objective: To identify the prevalence of glaucoma in patients between 40 and 70 years of age who attended the outpatient clinic at the Hospital General del Norte de Guayaquil Los Ceibos from January 2024 to January 2025. Methodology: This research study has an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, and retrospective design. Results: A total of 2273 patients with glaucoma (18,24%) were identified out of 1,259 seen in ophthalmology outpatient clinics. Most were between 60 and 70 years old (60.1%), predominantly male (64.7%), and had a history of hypertension (67.6%) and diabetes (48.0%). Primary open-angle glaucoma (42,4%) was the most common, with complications mainly involving partial vision loss (37.6%). Surgery was the most common treatment, performed in 71.1% of patients. Conclusion: Primary open-angle glaucoma is associated with a systemic risk profile, high visual morbidity, and frequent need for surgical treatment to preserve vision.