Calidad de sueño y su relación con el estrés ocupacional y consumo de alcohol, en pacientes hospitalizados en el área de medicina interna del Hospital General Guasmo Sur en el año 2024.

Abstract

Introduction: Sleep, work stress and alcohol consumption are factors that influence quality of life. Studies have shown a close relationship between sleep quality, stress and alcohol consumption. Given the importance of these factors and their impact on health, this study seeks to analyze the relationship between sleep quality, work stress and alcohol consumption in patients hospitalized in the internal medicine area of Hospital General Guasmo Sur during the year 2024. Methodology: A prospective, cross-sectional, observational and analytical study was carried out. Data were collected through self-administered surveys applied to 206 hospitalized patients. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) to measure alcohol consumption and the Work Stress Scale (WES) to analyze the level of stress in the work environment were measured. Spearman's correlation analysis and a mediation analysis based on Baron and Kenny's model were used to assess the role of sleep quality as a mediator between work stress and alcohol consumption. Results: A significant correlation was observed between sleep quality and alcohol consumption (Spearman = 0.541, p = 0.000), as well as between work stress and alcohol consumption (Spearman = 0.490, p = 0.000). The strongest relationship was found between job stress and sleep quality (Spearman = 0.645, p = 0.000). In addition, mediation analysis confirmed that sleep quality influences the relationship between job stress and alcohol consumption (B = 0.0334, 95% CI [0.021 - 0.048], p < 0.001). Conclusions: It is recommended that future research delve deeper into intervention strategies focused on improving sleep quality, not only as a direct benefit on quality of life, but also as a prevention strategy on stress levels and risk of alcoholism.