Factores de riesgo asociados a los trastornos de salud mental en pacientes con diagnóstico de epilepsia atendidos en el Hospital General Dr. Liborio Panchana Sotomayor durante el período 2022 al 2025.

Abstract

Introduction: Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease associated with a high burden of mental health disorders, which negatively impact clinical outcomes and quality of life. Objective: To evaluate the risk factors associated with mental health disorders in patients with epilepsy treated at Hospital General Dr. Liborio Panchana Sotomayor during the period 2022–2025. Methodology: Observational, analytical, and cross-sectional study conducted in 452 patients. Data were obtained from medical records and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics with JAMOVI, applying chi-square or Fisher’s exact tests with a significance level of p < 0.05. Results: The mean age was 38.6 ± 14.2 years, with a predominance of males (56.2%). Focal epilepsy was the most frequent type (48.7%). A total of 37.2% of patients presented mental health disorders, with depression (17.3%) and anxiety (12.4%) being the most common. Focal epilepsy showed a higher association with mental disorders (43.6%; p < 0.001). Conclusion: Mental health disorders are common in patients with epilepsy, especially in those with focal epilepsy and poor clinical control, highlighting the need for a comprehensive approach to management.