Relación entre la dislipidemia y el índice de masa corporal con la presencia de colecistitis en pacientes de 18 a 50 años atendidos en el Hospital León Becerra de Milagro del 2022 al 2024.

Abstract

Introduction: Cholecystitis is a common condition associated with metabolic alterations such as dyslipidemia and excess body weight. The relationship between these factors remains unclear in the local setting. Objective: To relate dyslipidemia and body mass index with the presence of cholecystitis in patients aged 18 to 50 years treated at Hospital León Becerra de Milagro from 2022 to 2024. Methodology: An observational, cross-sectional, and retrospective study was conducted in 312 patients. Data were obtained from medical records and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics with JAMOVI. Chi-square or Fisher’s exact test was applied, considering statistical significance at p < 0.05. Results: Cholecystitis was present in 44.2% of patients. A total of 60.9% had BMI ≥25 kg/m². Higher frequency of cholecystitis was observed in obesity (58.3%) and overweight (49.2%) compared to normal BMI (27.9%), with significant association (p < 0.001). Additionally, associations were found with dyslipidemia, including elevated cholesterol (55.4%; p = 0.002), high LDL (55.2%; p = 0.004), low HDL (55.8%; p = 0.001), and elevated triglycerides (54.0%; p = 0.003). Conclusion: Elevated body mass index and dyslipidemia were significantly associated with cholecystitis. These findings highlight the role of metabolic factors in its development.